Tai-Form: Expressing Wants and Desires

Quick Answer: Verb stem (masu-form minus ます) + たい = 'want to do.' 食べたい = want to eat, 行きたい = want to go. Conjugates like an i-adjective: 行きたくない (don't want to go), 行きたかった (wanted to go).

Saying what you want to do — and its social limits

Category: Verb Forms

The Rule

Verb stem (masu-form minus ます) + たい = 'want to do.' 食べたい = want to eat, 行きたい = want to go. Conjugates like an i-adjective: 行きたくない (don't want to go), 行きたかった (wanted to go). Use only for yourself — for others, use 〜たがっている.

Why This Matters

In English, 'want' works for anyone: 'I want,' 'she wants.' In Japanese, たい is limited to the speaker's own desires. Stating someone else's desire with たい is presumptuous — you can't know their inner feelings. For third persons, use たがっている (shows signs of wanting) or と言っていた (said they want).

Examples

• 日本に行きたいです。 — "I want to go to Japan." [Basic desire: 行く stem (行き) + たい] • 何も食べたくない。 — "I don't want to eat anything." [Negative: たい → たくない (i-adjective conjugation)] • 子供の頃、パイロットになりたかった。 — "When I was a child, I wanted to become a pilot." [Past: たい → たかった] • 彼は帰りたがっている。 — "He seems to want to go home." [Third person: たがっている (showing signs of wanting)]

Common Mistakes

❌ 彼女は寿司を食べたいです。 ✅ 彼女は寿司を食べたがっています。 → Don't use たい for other people's desires. Use たがっている (appears to want) for third person ❌ 映画を見るたい ✅ 映画を見たい → たい attaches to the verb stem (masu-form minus ます): 見ます → 見 + たい. Don't use dictionary form

Quick Tip

たい conjugates exactly like i-adjectives: たい (present), たくない (negative), たかった (past), たくなかった (past negative). The object can take either を or が: 水を/が飲みたい.

たい conjugates exactly like i-adjectives: たい (present), たくない (negative), たかった (past), たくなかった (past negative). The object can take either を or が: 水を/が飲みたい.

Examples

Common Mistakes

Incorrect: 彼女は寿司を食べたいです。 → Correct: 彼女は寿司を食べたがっています。. Don't use たい for other people's desires. Use たがっている (appears to want) for third person

Incorrect: 映画を見るたい → Correct: 映画を見たい. たい attaches to the verb stem (masu-form minus ます): 見ます → 見 + たい. Don't use dictionary form

Quiz

How do you say 'I wanted to meet you'?

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