비교급/최상급 정복: as...as: 동등 비교
두 대상이 같은 정도임을 나타낼 때 as + 형용사/부사 + as를 쓴다
Category: 비교급/최상급 (Comparatives)
as ~ as 동등 비교의 기본 개념
as ~ as 구문은 '~만큼 ~한'이라는 뜻으로, 두 대상이 동등함을 표현합니다. 기본 구조: A + be동사 + as + 형용사/부사 + as + B • She is as tall as her mother. (그녀는 엄마만큼 키가 크다) • He runs as fast as his brother. (그는 형만큼 빨리 달린다) • This book is as interesting as that one. (이 책은 저 책만큼 재미있다) 💡 핵심: as ~ as 사이에는 형용사/부사의 원급(비교급 아님!)이 들어갑니다. ❌ as taller as → ✅ as tall as ❌ as more expensive as → ✅ as expensive as 부정형: not as ~ as = '~만큼 ~하지 않다' • He is not as tall as his father. (그는 아버지만큼 키가 크지 않다) • This isn't as difficult as I expected. (이것은 생각만큼 어렵지 않다)
한국어 화자가 자주 하는 실수 (L1 간섭 분석)
한국어 '~만큼'은 간단하지만, 영어 as ~ as에서는 여러 실수가 발생합니다. ❌ as taller as him — 비교급 사용 (원급만 가능) ✅ as tall as him ❌ so tall as him (긍정문에서) — so는 부정문 전용 ✅ as tall as him ❌ as tall than him — than은 비교급에만 사용 ✅ as tall as him ❌ He is as same as me. — same은 'the same as'로 사용 ✅ He is the same as me. ❌ as much expensive as — much는 비교급 강조에 사용 ✅ as expensive as 💡 한국어 간섭 패턴: • '~보다'(than)와 '~만큼'(as...as)을 혼동 • 비교급 형태를 as...as 안에 넣는 실수 • not as...as 대신 한국어식으로 'less than'을 과도하게 사용
핵심 문법 규칙 정리
as ~ as 구문의 모든 변형을 정리합니다. 1. 긍정 동등비교: • She is as smart as Einstein. (아인슈타인만큼 똑똑하다) 2. 부정 동등비교: • He isn't as/so rich as Bill Gates. (빌 게이츠만큼 부유하지 않다) 💡 부정문에서는 so...as도 가능 (격식체) 3. as + many/much + 명사 + as: • I have as many books as you. (나는 너만큼 많은 책을 가지고 있다) • She earns as much money as her husband. (남편만큼 많이 번다) 4. as + 명사 + as (= the same ~ as): • He is as old as me. = He is the same age as me. 5. as ~ as possible / as ~ as + S + can: • Come as soon as possible. (가능한 빨리 와라) • Run as fast as you can. (할 수 있는 만큼 빨리 달려라) 6. as ~ as ever: • She is as beautiful as ever. (여전히 아름답다)
as ~ as 관용 표현 모음
영어에는 as ~ as를 사용한 관용 표현이 매우 많습니다. 핵심적인 것들을 암기하세요. 🐾 동물 비유: • as busy as a bee (벌처럼 바쁜) • as sly as a fox (여우처럼 교활한) • as quiet as a mouse (쥐처럼 조용한) • as stubborn as a mule (노새처럼 고집 센) • as blind as a bat (박쥐처럼 눈이 안 보이는 = 매우 눈이 나쁜) 📏 사물 비유: • as light as a feather (깃털처럼 가벼운) • as hard as a rock (바위처럼 단단한) • as flat as a pancake (팬케이크처럼 납작한) • as cold as ice (얼음처럼 차가운) • as clear as crystal (수정처럼 맑은) 🎭 성격/상태: • as good as gold (금처럼 착한 — 주로 아이에게) • as old as the hills (아주 오래된) • as easy as pie (파이처럼 쉬운 = 매우 쉬운) • as good as new (새것이나 다름없는) • as good as done (다 된 거나 마찬가지인)
유사 표현 비교: as...as vs 비교급
같은 의미를 as...as와 비교급으로 다르게 표현할 수 있습니다. 1. not as ~ as = less ~ than (약간 격식체): • He's not as tall as me. = He's less tall than me. (같은 뜻) 💡 not as...as가 일상 회화에서 훨씬 자연스럽습니다. 2. as ~ as = the same ~ as: • She's as old as me. = She's the same age as me. 💡 the same + 명사 + as 구조와 혼동하지 마세요. 3. not so much A as B = B라기보다는 A: • He is not so much lazy as unmotivated. (게으른 게 아니라 동기가 없는 것이다) 4. as ~ as vs like: • She sings as beautifully as a professional. (프로만큼 아름답게 — 동등) • She sings like a professional. (프로처럼 — 유사성) 💡 시험 포인트: not as...as는 '같지 않다'이지 '전혀 아니다'가 아닙니다. He's not as tall as me는 '나보다 작다'는 뜻이지 '키가 전혀 크지 않다'가 아닙니다.
실생활 활용
다양한 상황에서 as...as를 자연스럽게 사용하는 예시입니다. 🗣️ 일상 회화: • A: How was the test? B: Not as hard as I thought. (생각만큼 어렵지 않았어) • Can you get here as quickly as possible? (최대한 빨리 올 수 있어?) • It's not as cold as yesterday. (어제만큼 춥지 않아) 📧 비즈니스: • Please complete this as soon as possible. (가능한 빨리 완료해 주세요) • The results aren't as promising as expected. (결과가 기대만큼 좋지 않습니다) • We aim to be as transparent as possible. (최대한 투명하고자 합니다) 📝 TOEIC 빈출: • Q: The new model is _____ efficient as the previous one. (A) so (B) as (C) more (D) than → 정답: (B) as • Q: Please respond as quickly _____ possible. (A) than (B) so (C) as (D) like → 정답: (C) as
단계별 연습문제
빈칸을 채우세요. [초급] 1. She is as _____ (beautiful) as a movie star. → beautiful (원급 사용) 2. He can't run as _____ (fast) as his brother. → fast 3. This is as _____ (good) as it gets. → good [중급] 4. I have as _____ (many/much) friends as you do. → many (friends는 가산명사) 5. She earns as _____ (many/much) money as her boss. → much (money는 불가산명사) 6. Complete the project as soon as _____. → possible [고급] 7. He is not so much tired _____ bored. → as (not so much A as B) 8. 해석: She's not as naive as she looks. → 그녀는 보이는 것만큼 순진하지 않다. 9. 영작: 이 커피는 내가 기대한 만큼 뜨겁지 않아. → This coffee is not as hot as I expected.
자주 묻는 질문 (FAQ)
Q1. 'as tall as me'와 'as tall as I'중 어느 것이 맞나요? A: 둘 다 사용됩니다. 'as tall as I (am)'이 문법적으로 정확하지만, 일상 회화에서는 'as tall as me'가 자연스럽습니다. 시험에서는 as tall as I가 더 안전합니다. Q2. 'so...as'는 언제 쓰나요? A: 부정문에서 'not so...as'로 사용할 수 있습니다. 격식체에서 더 자주 보이며, 현대 영어에서는 'not as...as'가 더 일반적입니다. Q3. 'as much as'와 'as many as'의 차이는? A: much는 불가산명사, many는 가산명사와 함께 사용합니다. • as much water as (물), as many cups as (컵) Q4. 'as good as new'에서 왜 good 다음에 as가 바로 오나요? A: 관용표현입니다. '새것이나 마찬가지인'이라는 뜻으로 하나의 표현으로 외우세요.
핵심 요약
📌 as ~ as 동등 비교 최종 정리: 1. 기본: as + 원급 + as — '~만큼 ~한' 2. 부정: not as(so) + 원급 + as — '~만큼 ~하지 않은' 3. 가능한 한: as + 원급 + as possible/S can 4. 수량: as many/much + 명사 + as ⚠️ 절대 하지 말 것: • as 사이에 비교급 넣기 ❌ as taller as • than과 혼용 ❌ as tall than ✅ 실전 팁: • 'not as...as'가 'less...than'보다 회화에서 자연스러움 • as...as possible은 비즈니스 이메일 필수 표현 • 동물/사물 비유 관용표현은 통째로 암기 🎯 TOEIC 핵심: as _____ as에서 빈칸에는 반드시 원급! 비교급이 보기에 있으면 오답입니다.
Examples
그녀는 언니만큼 똑똑하다. — She is as smart as her sister.
이번 시험은 지난번만큼 어렵지 않았다. — This test wasn't as hard as the last one.
가능한 빨리 답장해 주세요. — Please reply as soon as possible.
그는 나보다 두 배를 번다. — He earns twice as much as I do.
영화가 기대만큼 좋지 않았다. — The movie was not as good as I expected.
Common Mistakes
Incorrect: She is as taller as her mother. → Correct: She is as tall as her mother.. as...as 사이에는 원급(tall)을 씁니다. 비교급(taller) 아닙니다.
Incorrect: He is so tall as his father. → Correct: He is as tall as his father.. 긍정문에서는 as...as를 씁니다. so...as는 부정문에서만 가능합니다.
Incorrect: This is not as expensive like that. → Correct: This is not as expensive as that.. as...as 구문입니다. like가 아닌 두 번째 as를 써야 합니다.
Quiz
My car is not ___ yours.
not as + 원급 + as 구조입니다.
Please come ___.
come은 동사이므로 부사 quickly를 쓰고, as...as possible 구조입니다.